IEC, the International Electrotechnical Commission standard, defines electromagnetic compatibility as the ability of a system or device to function properly in the electromagnetic environment in which it is located without causing interference to other systems and devices.
The Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive, means that electronic equipment neither interferes with other equipment nor is it affected by other equipment at the same time. Electromagnetic compatibility, like the familiar safety, is one of the most important indicators of product quality. While safety involves people and property, electromagnetic compatibility involves people and environmental protection.
EMC is the electromagnetic compatibility directive under CE, testing the product to external interference (EMI) has not exceeded the standard, and the ability to resist external interference (EMS) has not met the standard. Generally speaking, all finished products with electricity need to apply for EMC certification.
In order to standardize the management of electromagnetic compatibility of electrical equipment in EU member states, the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC was promulgated on May 1, 1989 and became mandatory on January 1, 1996, the current Directive is 2004/108/EC. The updated EMC Directive, numbered 2014/30/EC, will enter into force on April 18, 2014. The old EMC Directive 2004/108/EC will be abolished on April 20, 2016.
EMC Directive CE certification core requirements:
EMC Directive CE certification requires that all electrical and electronic products and equipment equipped with electrical and electronic components generated by the electromagnetic wave emission shall not exceed the prescribed limits, so as not to interfere with the normal operation of other equipment; must also have a certain degree of anti-interference ability to enable the product to operate normally under normal conditions (that is, to resist the emission from other equipment, below the limits allowed by industry standards for )
EMC-related regulatory requirements around the world
There are regulatory requirements for EMC around the world: 3C certification in China, CE certification in the EU, FCC certification in the US, VCCI certification in Japan, and C-tick certification in New Zealand and Australia.
Among them, China, the United States, Japan only consider EMI electromagnetic disturbance, the EU is EMI and EMS are considered, which is why exports to the EU countries involving EMC products should consider both EMI, but also to do EMS experimental reason.
What is the role of the EMC Directive EMCD (2014/30/EU)?
The main goal of EMCD is to control the electromagnetic compatibility of equipment. In order to sell in EU member states, companies' electrical products must comply with EMC regulations, and once violated, they will face legal penalties such as fines and recalls.
What is the difference between the old and new directives on the basic requirements?
There is no difference, the basic requirements are not modified. Equipment compliance with the basic requirements of the Directive is mandatory and legally binding for all equipment within the scope of the EMCD. Only products that meet the requirements can be placed on the market.
The similarities and differences between EMI and EMS in EMC CE certification
1.EMC including EMI (interference) and EMS (susceptibility), that is, electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic immunity.
2.EMI, electromagnetic interference degree, describe the degree of electromagnetic radiation interference of a product to other products, whether it will affect its surroundings or the same electrical environment within the normal work of other electronic or electrical products; EMI and including conducted interference CE (conduction emission) and radiation interference RE (radiation emission) and harmonics harmonic.
3. EMS, electromagnetic interference resistance, describe whether an electronic or electrical product will be its surroundings or the same electrical environment within the other electronic or electrical products interference and affect the normal operation of its own.
EMS also includes electrostatic immunity ESD, radio frequency immunity EFT, electrical fast transient pulse group immunity, surge immunity, voltage transient immunity Dip, and other related items.
What are the main EMC test items?
1, EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) --- electromagnetic disturbance test. The purpose of this test: the detection of electromagnetic radiation generated by electrical products on the human body, the public power grid and other normal work of electrical products:
Radiated Emission-radiation harassment test
Harmonic - harmonic current harassment test
Conducted Emission-conducted harassment test
Flicker-voltage change and flicker test
2, EMS (Electro-Magnetic Susceptibility) electromagnetic immunity test. The purpose of this test: to test whether the electrical products can work stably in the electromagnetic environment without being affected by the EMS test mainly contains the following content:
ESD - Electrostatic Immunity Test
SURGE - surge (shock) immunity test
RS - RF electromagnetic field radiation immunity test
EFT-Electric Fast Transient Burst Immunity Test
CS-radio frequency field induction conducted harassment immunity test
PFMF-Industrial frequency magnetic field immunity test
DIP-Voltage Dropout, Short Time Interruption and Voltage Variation Immunity Test
Emission and immunity testing in compliance with the European EMC Directive. We list the various product families and common standards that electronic equipment must comply with.
Common CE marking EMC standards that can be tested include
EN 55032 (Emissions, multimedia equipment), replacing EN 55022
EN 55024 (Emissions, Information Technology Equipment Immunity)
EN 61326 (Measurement, control and laboratory equipment)
EN 61000-6-1 (General immunity - residential, commercial and light industrial equipment)
EN 61000-6-2 (General immunity - Industrial equipment)
EN 61000-6-3 (General purpose emissions - residential, commercial and light industrial equipment)
EN 61000-6-4 (General emissions - Industrial equipment)
EN 55013 (Sound and television broadcasting receivers and associated equipment, transmission)
EN 55020 (Sound and television broadcasting receivers and associated equipment, immunity)
EN 55014-1 (Emissions from household appliances, power tools and similar equipment)
EN 55014-2 (Immunity of household appliances, power tools and similar equipment)
EN 55015 (Electrical lighting and similar equipment, emissions)
EN 61547 (Electrical lighting and similar equipment, immunity)
EN 55032 (Multimedia equipment)
EN 55025 (Vehicles, ships and internal combustion engines, protection of on-board receivers - Emissions)
EN 55012 (Vehicles, ships and internal combustion engines - Emissions)
EN 300 386 (Telecommunications network equipment)
EN 60945 (Marine navigation and radio communication equipment and systems)
EN 50121-3-2 (Railway vehicle installations)
EN 50121-3-1 (Trains and complete vehicles)
EN 50121-4 (signaling and telecommunication equipment)
What is the role of harmonized standards?
Harmonized standards provide the accepted and often preferred method of demonstrating that equipment meets the essential requirements. Manufacturers may request a third party to carry out an EMC assessment for them, but the manufacturer is solely responsible for the compliance of their equipment with the Directive.
EMC CE certification product range
1. household appliances and household electronic equipment;
2. domestic radio and television receivers;
3. industrial manufacturing equipment;
4. industrial manufacturing equipment;
5. mobile radio equipment;
6. mobile radio communications and business wireless telephone equipment;
7. medical and scientific equipment;
8. information technology equipment;
9. telecommunications networks and equipment;
10. lighting equipment and fluorescent lamps;
11 aviation and marine radio equipment;
12 electrochemical teaching equipment.
Electromagnetic compatibility CE certification required information
1. product specifications;
2. product structure description;
3. product electrical schematics and printed circuit board diagrams;
4. product EMC key parts list;
5. other relevant information requested when required;
6. a copy of the product's key safety components certification;
7. the same application unit between the models of the product description of the differences.
For CE certification EMC EMC Directive process:
1、Project application: Submit the application for CE certification to the testing agency supervision.
2, data preparation; according to the CE certification requirements, enterprises prepare the relevant certification documents.
3, product testing: enterprises will be tested samples sent to the laboratory for testing.
4、Preparation of the report: The certification engineer will prepare a report based on the qualified test data.
5、Submitted for audit: the engineer will be a complete report for audit.
6、Issuance of certificate: After the report audit is correct, the CE certificate will be issued.
