Low Voltage (LVD)

The Low Voltage Directive (2006/95/EC) was established in 1973, 20 years before the New Approach Directive was formulated, and is considered the predecessor of the New Approach concept. replace the original Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

Many electrical products in daily use are subject to the basic health and safety requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU, which covers electrical equipment with rated voltages between 50V and 1000V for alternative currents and between 75V and 1500V for direct current; as with other CE Directives, this Directive applies when electrical products are placed on the market, and electrical products are to carry the CE mark in order to be traded freely within the European Economic Area (EEA).

By affixing the CE mark on the electrical product, the manufacturer or importer ensures that the product meets the safety requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35 / EU.

Scope of application of LVD

The LVD applies to all electrical products with their own functional voltage range of 50~1000V AC and 75~1500V DC. This definition refers to the scope of application of the Directive, not the limits of its application (for example, in computers using 230V AC, the dangers posed by circuits with 12V DC are also regulated by the LVD).

The LVD applies to products supplied for consumer and industrial use, and in the case of industrial equipment, the Directive also covers products used by the manufacturer itself (e.g., test equipment).

Products such as

Household appliances (EN60335)

Lighting products (EN60598)

Audiovisual products (EN60065)

Information products (EN60950)

Electrical machinery (EN60204)

Measuring instruments (EN61010)

Requirements for CE technical documents

The CE system for LVD is similar to the EMC Directive in that all products within the scope of application must bear the CE mark and must be accompanied by a declaration of conformity signed by the manufacturer's representative or the importer.

A simple self-declaration is not sufficient to establish that the product is safe (safety is defined as the absence of death or injury to persons or livestock and financial damage), for this reason, the LVD declaration needs to be supported by a file of technical documentation.

The technical documentation must contain

1. a general description of the machine equipment

2. conceptual design and manufacturing drawings;

3. a description and explanation necessary to understand these drawings

4. a list of all or some of the applicable standards and a description of the countermeasures taken to meet the safety aspects of the directive;

5. the results of the design derivation, the inspection of the execution process;

6. test reports.

Objectives of LVD

To ensure the safety of low-voltage equipment in use. The scope of the directive is the use of electrical products with voltages between 50V and 1000V AC and 75V and 1500V DC. The directive contains all safety rules for this equipment, including protection against hazards caused by mechanical reasons.

The design and construction of the equipment should ensure that, in accordance with its intended use, there is no danger when used under normal operating conditions or under fault conditions, in particular, the following hazards are assessed:

(1) Electrical shock (Electric Shock);

(2) dangerous energy (Energy hazard);

3) fire (Fire);

4) mechanical and thermal hazards (Mechanic and heat hazard)

(5) radiation hazard (Radiation hazard);

(6) chemical hazard (Chemical Hazard).

Low Voltage Directive CE certification core requirements:

A. General requirements

a) To ensure the safety of the use of electrical equipment according to the intended use, in the electrical products should be marked on the use of its characteristics, identification and compliance with the matter, when difficult, can be described in the instructions.

b) The manufacturer's name, trade name or trademark should be clearly marked on the electrical products, and can be printed on the package when it is difficult.

c) electrical equipment and its components should be manufactured to ensure that they can be safely and properly linked and assembled.

d) The design and manufacture of electrical equipment, in the case of use and maintenance within its designed use, must ensure compliance with the requirements of the following B, C.

B. Prevention of hazards caused by electrical equipment

a) shall avoid the person, domestic animals receive the risk of physical or other injury caused by direct or indirect contact with electrical.

b) Will not produce temperature, arc light or radiation that may cause danger.

c) Adequate protection of persons, poultry and property from non-electrical hazards caused by electrical equipment, as found by experience.

d) Insulation must be suitable for a variety of situations that may be foreseen.

C. Prevent external factors from influencing electrical equipment to create hazards

a) Electrical products should meet the expected mechanical requirements, so that people, livestock and property from danger.

b) Electrical products can resist non-mechanical influencing factors under the predetermined environmental conditions, so that people, livestock and property from danger.

c) The electrical products do not endanger people, livestock and property under foreseeable overload conditions.

LVD certification testing items

1.Working voltage 2.Fault test

3.Impact test 4.Vibration test

5. Impact test 6. Electrical clearance, creepage distance and insulation penetration distance

7. plug test 8. protection connection conductor resistance

9. External wire terminals 10. Power line strain relief test

11.Electrical connection and fixing test 12.Leakage test

13.Accessibility test 14.Energy hazard check

15. Restricted power test 16. Safety interlocking device test

17.Printed circuit board test 18.Power protection cover

19. Packaging and sealing parts inspection 20.

21.Building (on) electrical equipment 22.Electric shock test

23.dielectric strength test 24.label inspection and test

25.Radiation test 26.Heat test

27.SELV test 28.TNV test

29.Current limiting circuit test 30.Overload test

31.Manual device test 32.Battery explosion-proof test

33.Overflow test 34.Combustible test

35.Fire test 36.Adhesive test

37.Vicat test 38.Waterproof test

Low Voltage Directive CE marking required information:

1) Description of the electrical equipment concerned;

2) Design principles and components, circuit diagrams;

3) descriptions and instructions required for understanding the above drawings and the operation of electrical equipment;

4) a list of all or part of the applicable standards, and the measures taken to meet the safety requirements of this Directive without the use of standards description;

5) calculations made at the time of design and the results of the tests carried out;

6) Test reports.

Low Voltage Directive CE certification process:

1、Application (fill in the application form, apply for the company information sheet, provide product information and arrange for samples to be sent to - FANGLIU testing)

2, quotation (according to the information provided to determine the test standards, testing time and the corresponding costs)

3、Payment (after the applicant confirms the quotation, the application form and service agreement are signed and payment is made)

4、Testing (the laboratory according to the relevant EU testing standards for the product applied for a full set of tests)

5、The test is passed and the report is completed

6、The project is completed and CE certificate is issued

Low Voltage Directive CE certification cycle

For example, if the general low voltage LVD directive, it will take about one week.